Sevoflurane, though first synthesized in the 1970s, was not used as an anesthetic until 1990 in Japan. Also called Ultane, sevoflurane is another volatile liquid anesthetic that is used independently to induce anesthesia. Sevoflurane is used with extreme caution, however, as its reactivity with carbon dioxide (CO₂) related derivatives can cause kidney damage. Those who are administered sevoflurane for a surgical procedure rise from the state of unconsciousness quickly.